![]() Others abandoned the conical style completely, adopting a more rounded top. Some were created with a frontal curve which resembled the phrygian helmet style used by the soldiers of Alexander the Great and his Successors. Nasal helmets did start to become more varied in their design during the 12th century and were created in several different shapes. On the 68 metre-long Bayeux tapestry for instance – that was created in the late 11th century and depicts major events of the Norman Conquest – both Norman and Anglo-Saxon soldiers are depicted wearing nasal helmets, universal in their conical design. ![]() The nasal helmet’s most defining characteristic however was its nose-guard – a single strip of metal that protected the soldier’s nose in combat. Conical / nasal helmetĪ scene from the Bayeux Tapestry depicting Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, rallying Duke William’s troops during the Battle of Hastings in 1066.Īlthough the Spangenhelm continued to be used by soldiers down into the 11th and 12th centuries, by the time of the Norman Conquest, it had been largely-replaced by the nasal helmet.Īlso known as a conical helmet, this metal headgear was cone-shaped and, unlike its spangenhelm predecessor, armourers could craft it from a single sheet of iron. Spangenhelms continued to be used down into the 11th and 12th centuries, although as time went on they were gradually replaced by more effective headgear. The Anglo-Saxon Sutton Hoo helmet has many similarities with the Spangenhelm design. The top of the helmet was either conical or round. The appearance of this helmet dates back to the XIV century when the knights, together with blacksmiths, developed several types of visors for the bascinet. Metal cheek flaps and face masks were sometimes also included in the design, though this was not always the case. But the helmet was soon adopted by peoples throughout Europe, including the Roman Empire.Īrmourers constructed these helmets by creating a frame of thick metal strips that connected 4 to 6 steel plates. The spangenhelm design appears to have originated with the Sarmatians and their neighbouring Scythians – two ferocious nomadic peoples who inhabited the steppes of modern day Ukraine and southern Russia. On his famous column, that he had erected to commemorate his victories against the Dacians, the sculptors depicted Sarmatian cavalry protected by spangenhelms. One of the first attestations for this helmet design dates to the reign of the Emperor Trajan (98 -117). The spangenhelm (literally spangen helm or ‘braces helmet’) has its origins back in ancient times. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.A surviving Spangenhelm, 6th century. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. Copyright of Acta Militaria Mediaevalia is the property of Historical Museum in Sanok and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. ![]() Such helmets probably originated in the nomadic milieu and from there their pattern was learnt by the Varangians/Rus. These fittings ornamented helmets of Type II according to Kirpičnikov. The remaining two are iron fittings which are rhomboidal and are plated with silver. One of these is rosette-shaped, was manufactured from copper alloy and bears traces of gliding. There were many types of medieval Helmet which in its most basic description was armour or protection for the head. With regard to their shape and raw material, these finds belong to two different types. These fittings were discovered in the area of the settlement complex in Szurpiły, Jeleniewo Comm.
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